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The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. Part of the urinary system, the kidneys filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases affecting the kidney is called nephrology, from the Greek name for the kidney; the adjective meaning "kidney-related" is renal, from the Latin.
In humans, the kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. There is one on each side of the spine; the right kidney sits just below the liver, the left below the diaphragm and adjacent to the spleen. Above each kidney is an adrenal gland (also called the suprarenal gland). The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity caused by the liver results in the right kidney to be slightly lower than the left one.
The kidneys are retroperitoneal, which means they lie behind the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity. They are approximately at the vertebral level T12 to L3, and the right kidney usually lies slightly lower than the left in order to accommodate the liver. The upper parts of the kidneys are partially protected by the eleventh and twelfth ribs, and each whole kidney is surrounded by two layers of fat (the perirenal fat and the pararenal fat) which help to cushion it. In very rare cases, it is possible to have developed three kidneys.
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End Stage Disease :: Kidney
Nephrology Nursing
Que calculo renal que nada. Apendicite aguda. A todos os amigos e fãs: Amorzao se operou ontem a noite e ocorreu tudo bem, graças a Deus!
thay_leite (Thaynara Leite) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 15:50:44 -0000
Que calculo renal que nada. Apendicite aguda. A todos os amigos e fãs: Amorzao se operou ontem a noite e ocorreu tudo bem, graças a Deus!
Fluffy had osteosarcoma and a HUGE tumor. But Spot was an untreated hypothyroid case in renal failure. I feel sick.
webhill (webhill) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 15:45:10 -0000
Fluffy had osteosarcoma and a HUGE tumor. But Spot was an untreated hypothyroid case in renal failure. I feel sick.
@AmeliaLyn_W Amelia,there ws no hope and all of us are ready for 'it'.end stage renal failure stroke unkown internal bleeding~
sarahscandy (Sarah 'Atiqah ) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 15:19:53 -0000
@AmeliaLyn_W Amelia,there ws no hope and all of us are ready for 'it'.end stage renal failure stroke unkown internal bleeding~
New blog post: Renal Care Group Mesa Maricopa : Clinics http://bit.ly/3rh4i6
valuescompanies (the values companies) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 14:50:05 -0000
New blog post: Renal Care Group Mesa Maricopa : Clinics http://bit.ly/3rh4i6
O médico veio aqui. Não era apendicite, é crise renal. Acho que me ferrei feio. #2009_te_odeio
Maranganha (Félix Maranganha) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 14:36:28 -0000
O médico veio aqui. Não era apendicite, é crise renal. Acho que me ferrei feio. #2009_te_odeio
The renal unit is kept at a constant temperature by the air-conditioning. This temperature is perfect for the staff who move about a lot.
peterkcross14 (Peter Cross) Sat, 07 Nov 2009 13:51:40 -0000
The renal unit is kept at a constant temperature by the air-conditioning. This temperature is perfect for the staff who move about a lot.
Culinary Kidney Cooks - Offers a sample renal recipe, from the dialysis diet cookbook Cooking for David and also gives a holiday meal plan with chart.
Meta Description: [ A new 160 recipe culinary cookbook for dialysis patients. Free dialysis recipes and free helpful dialysis diet tips of the week. ]
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Renal Recipes - A variety of pork, beef, chicken, lamb, fish, salad, and bread recipes for people on a renal diet.
Renal Recipes - A list of informative pages for renal patients with holiday and special meal recipes.
Sodium and Renal Diet - Articles on nutrition and recipes for those with renal problems.
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