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Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast Asia. The plants are large shrubs or small trees, reaching 5-15 m tall, with spiny shoots and alternately arranged evergreen leaves with an entire margin. The flowers are solitary or in small corymbs, each flower 2-4 cm diameter, with five (rarely four) white petals and numerous stamens; they are often very strongly scented. The fruit is a hesperidium, a specialised berry, globose to elongated, 4-30 cm long and 4-20 cm diameter, with a leathery rind surrounding segments filled with pulp vesicles. The genus is commercially important as many species are cultivated for their fruit, which are eaten fresh or pressed for juice.
Citrus fruits are notable for their fragrance, partly due to terpenes contained in the rind, and most are juice-laden. The juice contains a high quantity of citric acid giving them their characteristic sharp flavour. They are also good sources of vitamin C and flavonoids.
The taxonomy of the genus is complex and the precise number of natural species is unclear, as many of the species are thought to be of hybrid origin. Cultivated Citrus may be derived from as few as three ancestral species. Numerous natural and cultivated origin hybrids include commercially important fruit such as the orange, lemon, grapefruit, and some tangerines. Recent research has suggested that the closely related genus Fortunella, and perhaps also Poncirus and the Australian genera Microcitrus and Eremocitrus, should be included in Citrus. In fact, most botanists now classify Microcitrus, and Eremocitrus as part of the genus Citrus.
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Burke's Backyard Archives 1997 - Citrus Recipes - Offers recipes for Lemon Curd, Orange Citrus Cake, and Lime Cordial.
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Citrus Recipes - Recipes include Tropical Salsa, Citrus Marinated Shrimp, and Crepes with Grapefruit Maple Sauce.
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