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Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of fruit, typically grapes though a number of other fruits are also quite popular - such as plum, elderberry and blackcurrant. Non-grape wines are called fruit wine or country wine. Other products are made from starch based materials, such as barley wine, rice wine, and sake. Beverages made from other fermentable material such as honey (mead), or that are distilled, such as brandy, are not wines. The English word wine and its equivalents in other languages are protected by law in many jurisdictions.
Etymology
The word wine comes from the Old English win, which derives from the Proto-Germanic *winam which was an early borrowing from the Latin vinum, (which can mean either the "wine" or the "vine"), from Aeolic Greek Fοίνος, (woinos) and from earlier languages such as Hebrew יין (yayin). *.
Early history
Wine residue has been identified by Patrick McGovern's team at the University Museum, Pennsylvania, in ancient pottery jars. Records include ceramic jars from the Neolithic sites at Shulaveri, Georgia (about 6000 BC) Hajji Firuz Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of present-day Iran (5400-5000 BC) and from Late Uruk (3500-3100 BC) occupation at the site of Uruk, in Mesopotamia [http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/NearEast/wine.shtml. The identifications are based on the identification of tartaric acid and tartrate salts using a form of infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These identifications are regarded with caution by some biochemists because of the risk of false positives, particularly where complex mixtures of organic materials, and degradation products, may be present. The identifications have not yet been replicated in other laboratories. More on [ Wine ]
Wine :: Beverages
Wine :: Drink
Wine :: Beverages
WL Issued to Jerusalem Manufacturing Nature Foods & Wholesalers, Inc.
FDA Tue, 02 Sep 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to Jerusalem Manufacturing Nature Foods & Wholesalers, Inc. on 02 Sep 2008 by Detroit District Office
WL Issued to A. Tarantino and Sons, Inc.
FDA Mon, 25 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to A. Tarantino and Sons, Inc. on 25 Aug 2008 by San Francisco District Office
WL Issued to Lifesoy, Inc.
FDA Fri, 08 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to Lifesoy, Inc. on 08 Aug 2008 by Los Angeles District Office
WL Issued to Center Oriental Food
FDA Wed, 06 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to Center Oriental Food on 06 Aug 2008 by Seattle District Office
WL Issued to Bruno's of Duluth, Inc.
FDA Wed, 06 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to Bruno's of Duluth, Inc. on 06 Aug 2008 by Minneapolis District Office
WL Issued to Simmons Pet Food, Inc.
FDA Wed, 23 Jul 2008 00:00:00 -0400
FDA Warning Letter Issued to Simmons Pet Food, Inc. on 23 Jul 2008 by Dallas District Office
Epinions.com: Wines - Database searchable by brand name, region of production, or type of wine. User-submitted reviews on wines, written by consumers.
Meta Description: [ Epinions has the best comparison shopping information on Wines. Compare prices from across the web and read reviews from other consumers on Wines before you decide to buy. ]
AskMen.com - A Lesson In Port Wine - Describes different types of port.
Meta Description: [ Different types of port. ]
AskMen.com : Basics On Selecting Wine - Tips and secrets of wine buying.
Meta Description: [ Quality wines- Tips and secrets of wine buying ]
CaliforniaChampagnes.com - Learn about California sparkling wines that are made in the Methode Champenoise style also called Champagne at some wineries.
Meta Description: [ Learn about California sparkling wines that are made in the Méthode Champenoise style also called Champagne at some wineries. ]
Demystifying Wine Labels - Learn about types of wine and how to buy and order wine in a restaurant. Plus: common wine terminology and information on grape varieties.
Meta Description: [ Wine labels are rife with unfamiliar words but never too mystifying to decipher. ]
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Devinity Wine - Includes commentary by Peter Richards, discussion forum and tasting notes.
Elite Wine - Online magazine featuring news and reviews of the world's finest wines. Also features articles on food and wine pairing.
Good Wine Cheap Inc. - Features tasting reviews, information about supplies, wines, and message boards.
Meta Description: [ Good Wine Cheap - wine information to help the "Average Joe" wine drinker and budding wine enthusiast. Includes: wine tasting reviews with wine price, info on where to buy wine online, wine accessories, learning about wine, pairing wine with food, taking wine to friends, wine gifts, wine tours, ... ]
My Heart Loves Wine - A directory of published articles and studies regarding the health benefits of wine.
Tainted Wine Causes and Reasons - Discusses topics about tainted wine.
Meta Description: [ Cork taint and oxidation are identified as the two major causes of tainted wine. Also lists certain culprit foods and why they don't complement wine. ]
The Oenophile Network - A wine news, blog user discussion forum.
The Wine Info Site - Includes information on grape varieties, wine regions and producers. [English, Dutch and French]
Meta Description: [ All the information on wine you can imagine: wineregions, grapevarieties, production, news, with related producers and full description of their wines. Multilingual. Take a look ]
Wine Scout - Offers advice on buying strategies, vintages, and where to buy French wines. Also contains tutorials, pictures of grapes, and specific recommendations.
Meta Description: [ A consumer guide to wine appreciation. Recommendations for buying per regions and wine types, vintages, food pairing. How to store wines. Selections of French wines in your area. ]
WineBork.Com - Provides reviews of Zinfandel and other heavy-weight red wines. The focus is on recent releases in the mid-price range.
Meta Description: [ Searchable database of wine reviews for recent vintages.
Largest free and up-to-date on-line database of quality wine reviews. No commercial tie-in.
Honest wine reviews. Submit your guest wine review. ]
Winescout.info - Site centered around objective wine selection with tasting evaluations, background information on producers including references, opinions on wine, and news.
Meta Description: [ expert and independent wine selections from france, italy, spain, portugal, south africa, new zealand, argentine, opinions, background information on wine, vintage reports ]
WineZap.com - Daily email newsletter review and price wines offered by retailers.
Meta Description: [ Buy wine by comparing wine prices at U.S. retailers. ]
WineZap.com - Daily email newsletter review and price wines offered by retailers.
Meta Description: [ Buy wine by comparing wine prices at U.S. retailers. ]
| Heather Johnston, food and wine blogger who has developed recipes for magazines such as Essence and Saveur, demonstrates ... | |
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