A water filter is a device which removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier and/or chemical processes. Filters are used to cleanse water for irrigation, drinking water, aquariums, and swimming pools. Water filters can be bought at stores to filter drinking water. Major brands include Brita and PUR. These water filters remove substances that are harmful to your health, can increase the risk of developing cancer, and taste or smell bad.
The physics of filters is based on sieving, adsorption, ion exchanges and other processes. Unlike a sieve or screen, a filter can remove particles much smaller than the holes through which the water passes.
Filtration and Treatment :: Drinking Water
Water Treatment :: Kitchen and Dining

Home Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon - Discussion and guidelines from a 1997 article from the Michigan State University Extension.
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Treatment Systems for Household Water Supplies - Activated Carbon Filtration - 1992 article from the North Dakota State University Extension Service explaining in detail what activated charcoal systems can and cannot do.
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